Vancouver Condo Info

This from today’s Globe and Mail - Canadian house prices dropped in June for the first time in nine years:

Canadian home prices fell in June for the first time since January, 1999, as the number of houses for sale remained at record levels.

The average price of an existing home fell 0.4 per cent in June to $341,096, compared with $342,615 the year before, according to statistics released Tuesday by the Canadian Real Estate Association (CREA).

“The fall in home prices…is a sizable dip in this indicator, given that not too long ago the Canadian housing market was witnessing double-digit price gains,” Millan Mulraine, economic strategist at TD Securities Inc., said in a research note.

Of the 25 major markets included in the statistics, average home prices declined on a year-over-year basis in Calgary, Edmonton, Victoria and Windsor-Essex. The largest decline of 2.6 per cent was in Edmonton, while the smallest was in Windsor-Essex at 0.5 per cent.

Last month, BMO Nesbitt Burns Inc. economist Douglas Porter raised the possibility of an overall drop in home prices in Canada. Most industry watchers have stayed with the view that home prices will rise slightly this year.

In June, Mr. Porter said it was “unnerving” to note that Canada’s housing market performance appears to be tracking that of the U.S. but with a two-year lag, although he also sees a number of differences between the two markets.

He said he was tracking prices in the “middle ground,” cities such as Toronto, Montreal and Ottawa, which still have fairly robust economic fundamentals but haven’t been supercharged by the commodities boom.

Prices in those cities all rose moderately year-over-year in June, up 3.7 per cent in Toronto, 4 per cent in Montreal and 6.8 per cent in Ottawa.

The Canadian and U.S. markets are still very different, CREA president Calvin Lindberg said in a statement. U.S. home prices dropped by 14.1 per cent in the first quarter of the year, according to the benchmark Case-Shiller national home price index.

Out local market stands out as the biggest year-over-year decrease in sales in all the Nation, Greater Vancouver saw sales drop 42.9% from last June.

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Looks like the Canadian government is starting to heed the US housing market lesson - the Federal Government will no longer guarantee 40 year or zero down mortgages. The new limit will be a 35 year maximum term and a minimum 5% down payment will be required on all new federally guaranteed mortgages.

The federal government will no longer guarantee 40-year or zero-down mortgages in an effort to avoid a housing crisis like the sub-prime mortgage meltdown experienced in the United States.

In an announcement released today, the government said government-backed mortgages would require a minimum down payment of five per cent and a maximum amortization period of 35 years. The borrower would have to have a consistent minimum credit score and there would be new loan documentation standards.

“Today’s announcement marks a responsible and measured approach by the Government to ensure Canada’s housing market remains strong and to reduce the risk of a U.S.-style housing bubble developing in Canada,” a release issued by the federal Department of Finance said.

The new rules will take effect Oct. 15, 2008 to allow existing mortgage pre-approvals to be used or expire.

So get out there and get your 40 year zero down mortgage while you can, these things are destined to become collectors items! My guess is we’re about to find out how thin of a speculative margin has been driving the Vancouver real estate boom.

I’ve heard a number of times that ‘historically’ a variable rate mortgage saves you money over a fixed rate locked in mortgage. This sounds good, but it’s never been clear to me if that ‘history’ only includes the last 25 years or so when rates went from extremely high levels (in the 20% range) to the extreme lows of this decade.

With the Bank of Canada joining other world banks now expressing concern over inflation the assumption is that mortgage rates will be going up. If you currently have a variable rate mortgage is now a good time to lock in? Rob Carrick at the Globe and Mail says no -although locking in now would get you a pretty good deal, rates would have to rise by at least 1% to make a five year locked in mortgage a better choice.

If you prefer the security of a locked in rate your choices as a Canadian are limited. Unlike mortgages in the US where you can lock in a rate for the entire term of the loan, in Canada the longest lock-in I’ve seen is for 10 years. My own gut feeling is that with a small enough premium the full-term US style lock-in would be the best deal - five years might see you renewing at much higher rates. The problem is that nobody can predict how far or how fast rates will move, and if they start to move quickly the best time to be locked in will have already past.

Even if you’re not a homeowner these expected rate changes will affect on you, either with higher rates on consumer debt, changing bond and equity prices in your portfolio or just higher rates paid to you on high interest savings account. So what do you think - am I being to gloomy in my expectation of higher rates?

Canada’s inflation rate hit 2.2% in May, jumping from Aprils official rate of 1.7%.  The dramatic increase is blamed mostly on increasing fuel cost:

Statistics Canada said gas prices rose 15 per cent in May from a year earlier, up from a year-on-year pace of 11.6 per cent in April. Excluding gasoline prices, the 12-month growth in the CPI in May was 1.6 per cent, it said.

Meanwhile core inflation, which excludes volatile energy and food prices and which the central bank monitors for underlying price pressures, rose 1.5 per cent in May from the same month last year - the same pace as the 12-month increase in April.

“Lower prices for passenger vehicles dampened the upward pressure on the core index,” the agency said.

Last week, the Bank of Canada surprised markets by not cutting its key interest rate and expressing concern over growing inflationary pressures. The key rate remains at three per cent.

Thursday’s CPI number surpassed the central bank’s two per cent target.

Most economists had expected May’s inflation rates would be around 1.9 per cent.

We could always deal with inflationary concerns the way Argentina does - They’ve managed to maintain a remarkable 0.6% official inflation rate in May thanks to the innovative way they calculate the figure:

According to the new methodology, every time a product’s price rises too sharply, it will simply be removed from the index on the ground that consumers will be deterred by the expense and switch to other goods.

There are increasing indications that our reputation of being a financially conservative in Canada is more myth than reality.  As a group, we’re taking on more debt than ever before and finding ourselves with less of a personal safety net should the economy take a dive.  Since 2001 the number of people over 60 that still have a mortgage has been steadily increasing, and the mortgages that we all hold are of more and more exotic varieties.  From todays Vancouver Province: Why we’re up to our necks in debt.

A rash of recent reports paint a scary picture of Canadians as spending like drunken sailors, leading to the prickly question of whether we should be forced to save money.

A Statistics Canada study showed Canadians are finding themselves with two mortgages and deeper in debt than at any time in their lives. They are increasingly house poor, and with housing values sliding, they often owe more on their properties than they’re worth.

…

The StatsCan study came out at the same time that the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada reported that personal bankruptcies reached their highest level in more than four years during April, up 19.3 per cent over the previous month and 18.3 per cent over the previous April.

And things will only get worse if recent numbers showing a gross domestic product decline during the last quarter continue, signalling an economic downturn, and if unemployment rates should start to rise.

As it is, mortgage payments make up 37 per cent of average household spending in 2007, up from 32 per cent a year earlier.

And those mortgages are getting more ‘interesting’.  The common refrain that the Canadian housing market is not as vulnerable to downturn as the US market  because we don’t have ’sub-prime’ mortgages is only part-true.  What we do have is an mortgage insurance market that was liberalized in 2006 and has dramatically changed the landscape in the last few years with the introduction of zero-down, 40 year terms and adjustable ‘teaser’ rate mortgages:

With interest rates dropping, consumers might consider a front-loaded variable- rate mortgage.  This option gives you a larger-than-normal discount from the prime interest rate for an initial period, say six months, before you decide whether to lock into a fixed rate.

Longer amortization periods, now up to 40 years, also are new.  Holt estimates longer-term mortgages now account for three quarters of monthly insured purchase applications in Canada, with 40-year products accounting for half of that.

So will following the US lead into the area of ‘exotic’ mortgages lead to a similar result?  Only time will tell, but it is interesting to see that this topic seems to be getting more attention within the government.  That first article had this bit of info that was new to me:

Finance Minister Jim Flaherty recently suggested it might be wise to outlaw 40-year mortgages.

With up to a third of new mortgage applications opting for the longest term, removing that option could have a dramatic impact on our housing market at a time when it appears to be already slowing due to affordability concerns.

Courtesy of todays Vancouver Sun and Statscan - Canadian home ownership levels are at their highest since 1971 but the rush to own has meant soaring debt levels and longer mortgage terms.  A growing number of ‘owners’ may never pay off their mortgages, essentially renting the debt in perpetuity.

The report also shows that British Columbians are paying the highest proportion of their income among all Canadians to housing costs, as nearly a third are spending more than 30 per cent of their income to keep a roof over their heads.

More than one-third of the new mortgages being taken out in Canada are now amortized for more than 25 years, a portion labelled by one expert as “phenomenal” for a relatively new mortgage product, and the expectation is that the percentage for B.C.’s homebuyers would be at least that high.

“From the fall of 2006 through the fall of 2007, 37 per cent of all new mortgages in Canada were for amortizations longer than 25 years,” said Jim Murphy, president and chief executive of the Canadian Association of Accredited Mortgage Professionals. “Of all the mortgage products that have been introduced, the ones longer than 25 years are the most popular.

“Thirty-seven per cent is quite high. It is phenomenal for a product that is relatively new.”

Among all outstanding mortgages last year, some nine per cent were pegged with payoff dates stretching more than 25 years all the way to 40 years.

“That number will obviously increase every year,” said Murphy.

…and a little further down:

The dream of burning the mortgage appears to be a more elusive one for Canadian owners, with the percentage of mortgage-free owners declining between 2001 and 2006, bucking an expectation that aging baby boomers would be paying off their mortgages by now.

“The share of owner households with mortgages has not been at such a high level in Canada since 1981,” the report said.

Huh. I guess a bunch of people must have paid off their mortgages right after 1981?  Or perhaps it was the foreclosures.

.. and in an unrelated example of how silly some of these loans have gotten, how about giving an 85 year old man a 4.8 million dollar mortgage on a 5 million dollar home?

RBC has released a report on the saving and spending habits of Canadians, apparently we’re saving less than ever, with more Canadians relying on credit cards, loans and mortgages.

Canadians are not prepared - and not preparing - for a rainy day, like an economic downturn, a major bank is warning.

The vast majority of Canadians admit they’re poor savers, with barely one-half having a rainy-day account. And of those, only half have enough to cover a month’s expenses, RBC said Wednesday in releasing results of a spring survey of the saving and spending habits of Canadians.

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“One need only look at the newspapers or television to see that North America is in an economic downturn,” said Ashif Ratanshi, senior vice-president, RBC Branch Investments and Banking.

“This is the time for Canadians to re-assess their own finances and ensure they are effectively managing their money so that they can withstand any sudden pitfalls or changes in their lives.”

I’ve already run a poll on savings and income that indicates most readers here are in the minority, but since the RBC reports refers specifically to a rainy-day account I’ll pose this question:

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Thanks to Condohype for sending in the link to this story in todays Vancouver Sun: mortgages move into uncharted waters.  This is a similar article to the one linked to last week about over-stretched buyers fueling the real estate boom, but refers to a Scotiabank report released yesterday focusing on the risks created by relatively new 40 year mortgage terms.  According to the report, longer term mortgages now account for a full two-thirds of all mortgage applications.

In the near term, their introduction — which began in 2006 when Ottawa “unshackled” the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation from the traditional 25-year mortgage — will help stabilize a softening Canadian housing market as it draws in a new group of buyers.

Longer term, however, nobody knows what the effect will be, Holt said.

If, for instance, buyers as a group tend to pay back the debt at an accelerated pace, it will increase the risk for the originators of the mortgages and buyers of mortgage-backed securities into which they are folded.

On the other hand, the report says, “future shock risk is being intensified,” in the event that a large portion of new buyers move into such leveraged products and suddenly face a shock to interest rates or wage growth.

Now, if faced with sudden difficulties, the holder of a 25-year mortgage can move into a 40-year, but it’s unclear what would happen if the 40 becomes the norm and economic difficulties arise.

I’m not sure why it’s so ‘unclear’ what would happen if the majority of buyers have no adjustment room in their mortgages, pay a majority of their income to cover loan interest and ‘economic difficulties’ arise. I don’t need a crystal ball to foresee that such a situation would be ‘problematic’. Unfortunately as we’ve seen in the USA, ‘economic difficulties’ can simply be a drop-off of buyers at over-inflated prices.  Prices in the US started dropping long before problems with sub-prime mortgages and recession fears started looming.

I also find it strange that all these new products were introduced in the midst of a boom rather than when the housing market needed ’saving’ from a collapse.  Seems a bit like using up your nitrous on the drive to the racetrack.  This article also touches on the way these new mortgage products encourage speculation:

Equally significant is the impact changes to the mortgage industry may have on the condo market, Holt said.

Starting last year, Ottawa changed the rules on insured-investor mortgages, allowing buyers to acquire an insured mortgage on a property other than a principal residence.

Holt said he estimates one in four condo buyers is a speculator looking to profit from property price gains and, he forecasts, “This is going to intensify influences of investor sentiment, particularly the condo market over the next few years.

“You’ll see more speculative activity in the market at a time when there’s already a fair amount.”

This can sharpen market downturns, as appears to be the case in Calgary, when prices drop and speculators rush to unload properties.

I’m not sure why this article is located on ‘globe sports’ in the hockey section, but this article about mortgage trends in Canada has some shocking statistics based on a recent RE/Max report and some interesting quotes from a few of the big Canadian banks:

Nearly two-thirds of buyers in major centres now favour extended amortization periods of up to 40 years, while putting little or no money down was prevalent in 38 per cent of regional markets surveyed across Canada.

The country’s real estate industry has played down any similarities to the U.S. when it comes to subprime borrowers. But as new segments of the Canadian population enter the market, the findings raise questions about what’s been driving soaring house prices in recent years.

“The reason we think the market has been staying hotter much longer than anyone anticipated was because of these newer amortization mortgages,” said Craig Alexander at Toronto-Dominion Bank.

“Because it really does change the affordability equation,” Mr. Alexander said.

Canada’s housing market has for years defied predictions of a slowdown. From 2002 to 2007, average home prices rose at about 10 per cent a year nationally, Mr. Alexander figures. A willingness to buy now and pay later explains much of the recent heat. Longer amortization mortgages “have had a very profound impact on the Canadian housing market since they were introduced” in 2006, he added.

Buying a house has become increasingly accessible. The flip side, though, is that more home buyers are now susceptible should the housing or labour markets weaken, or if interest rates change direction.

“We’re more vulnerable than we were in the past, and I think that’s just a factor of financial and mortgage innovation,” said Adrienne Warren at Bank of Nova Scotia. “At the same time, it’s a trade-off - more people are getting into home ownership earlier.”

In their report RE/Max attributes the boom to these new mortgage products:

“Innovative financing has become key to home ownership in today’s environment,” yesterday’s report said. “Entry-level purchasers are adjusting their expectations by sacrificing size, location, and even long-term financial freedom to overcome challenges such as rising prices and serious supply issues.”

Policy changes help explain why so many people have been entering the market. Ottawa extended the maximum amortization period to up to 40 years from 25 years in 2006. In the same year, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. began providing insurance to lenders for interest-only mortgages.

Mr. Alexander figures that as many as 70 per cent of first-time buyers are opting for longer amortizations. “It’s a double-edged sword. It brings down your monthly payments. But it will actually double the amount of interest you pay over the lifetime of the loan.”

From the Globe and Mail:

Canadian banks cut interest rates dramatically yesterday after the Bank of Canada slashed its main rate by half a percentage point and warned that a serious economic slowdown was only just beginning.

All major banks cut their prime lending rate by 50 basis points, amid a central bank warning that Canada faces a tough two years. A troubled U.S. economy has hit exports hard, and undermined business and consumer confidence, the bank said.

Marking the most serious cuts since the post-9/11 downturn, the bank has now cut rates twice in six weeks. Its key rate now stands at 3 per cent, 150 basis points lower than where it stood last fall. (A basis point is one one-hundredth of a percentage point.)

“The bank is now projecting a deeper and more protracted slowdown in the U.S. economy,” it said in a release. “This has direct consequences for the Canadian economic outlook, with declining exports projected to exert a significant drag on growth in 2008.”

Will these recent rate cuts boost our market further or prevent a downturn?  Certainly dropping rates is a way to discourage saving and encourage taking on more debt, but is the central bank in danger of kicking up inflation?  So far rate cuts and fiscal stimulus plans in the US have done little to stem dropping house prices and a sputtering economy.